LV Switchgear · Distribution Boards

Switchgear & Distribution Panels

Where aluminium feeders meet copper busbar — stable joints for decades, with an auditable mill certificate.

The problem you need to solve

In a low-voltage switchgear cabinet, the incoming aluminium feeder cable lands on a copper busbar through a bolted joint. IEC 61439-1 allows 70 K temperature rise at terminals at rated current. A direct Al/Cu contact builds an oxide film and begins galvanic corrosion; over a few years the junction shows as a hotspot on thermal imaging and drifts out of the temperature budget under summer peak load. Antioxidant paste can be re-applied every few years — but opening a maintenance window, documenting the work, and carrying the liability is a well-known pain in any serious facility (hospital, data centre, industrial plant).

How CUPAL solves it

CUPAL puts the whole transition into a single diffusion-bonded plate or washer: the aluminium side faces the cable lug or terminal, the copper side faces the busbar. The electrochemical driver of galvanic corrosion — two dissimilar metals sharing an electrolyte at the joint — is removed at the contact itself. No paste, no annual re-torque, no oxide surprises on the thermographic survey. The base material carries DIN 17007 / DIN 1787 designations (aluminium AL 99.5 / 3.0255, copper E1-Cu58 / 2.0065); EN 10204 2.2 with every shipment, EN 10204 3.1 on request. Manufacture runs under ISO 9001:2015; the parent group (HIDRA-MIX, Budapest) has been producing bimetal since 1991.

What this looks like in numbers

70K
IEC 61439-1 temperature-rise limit on bolted joints
1.2A/mm²
Copper busbar current density (IEC 61439, DIN 43671)
70–110N/cm
CUPAL Al–Cu bond strength
2–4weeks
Custom-cut lead time, EU delivery

Where it fits in the cabinet

Four common points where the panel builder deals with an Al/Cu joint.

01 / 04

Incoming feeder → main busbar

The problem you need to solve. A three-phase aluminium feeder (e.g. 3×240 mm² Al) lands on the main copper busbar through a bolted lug. It is one of the heaviest-loaded joints in the cabinet for the IEC 61439-1 thermal budget.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL transition plate between the lug and the bar. Al face to the lug, Cu face to the bar — standard M10/M12 hardware, spring washers. Cut to the existing bolt pattern.

02 / 04

Outgoing feeder: Cu busbar → Al cable to MCC

The problem you need to solve. The outgoing direction lands copper busbar on aluminium cable feeding a motor control centre or sub-distribution. Same Al/Cu bolted joint, often with stricter handover documentation.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL washer between busbar and lug. One part, no extra tools, no paste — and the material ships with an EN 10204 certificate you can drop into the panel dossier.

03 / 04

N / PE equipotential bar

The problem you need to solve. In a multi-storey riser, aluminium neutral and PE conductors terminate onto the cabinet's copper bonding bar. Thermal cycling relaxes the bolted joint, oxide adds resistance.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL transition plate between bonding bar and riser. The diffusion interface handles the thermal-expansion mismatch internally; the joint stays stable without re-torquing.

04 / 04

Brownfield retrofit

The problem you need to solve. A 10–20-year-old cabinet gets an Al feeder upgrade on capacity, but the original copper busbar stays. Off-the-shelf compression bimetal lugs rarely match the old bolt pattern or stack-up height.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL plate cut to the existing pattern. Ships in 2–4 weeks from a DXF drawing, installs without structural modification.

Compared to alternatives

Four familiar approaches, measured on 10-year operating cost and fitting flexibility — for a cabinet with many joints.

ApproachCu lug + antioxidant paste
Initial joint behaviourAcceptable, drifts over time
MaintenanceNew paste + re-torque every 2–3 yrs
Lead timeFrom stock
10-year TCO / jointHigh (labour)
ApproachSpecialty compression bimetal lug (imported)
Initial joint behaviourStable
MaintenanceNone
Lead time6–12 weeks, fixed geometry
10-year TCO / jointMedium–high
ApproachOver-sized pure copper conductor
Initial joint behaviourExcellent
MaintenanceNone
Lead time4–6 weeks
10-year TCO / jointHigh (copper cost)
ApproachCUPAL custom-cut (EU)
Initial joint behaviourStable
MaintenanceNone
Lead time2–4 weeks, any geometry
10-year TCO / jointLow

FAQs from panel builders

For a single lug termination it is fine. But a cabinet with many joints, or one where the geometry doesn't match the standard lug size, becomes simpler with custom CUPAL plates. A lug is designed for one joint; CUPAL is designed for the cabinet layout.
No. Diffusion bonding happens inside the material; at the outside each face meets its own metal, so there is no shared electrolyte to worry about. Paste is not forbidden — just redundant.
Every shipment comes with an EN 10204 2.2 manufacturer's declaration of conformity. EN 10204 3.1 (batch-specific inspection certificate) is available on request. Manufacturing is ISO 9001:2015; MSZ EN 61439-1 compliance can be demonstrated for Hungarian projects.
Standard 500×2000 mm sheet ships from stock in 1–3 working days. Custom CNC cutting from a DXF drawing is 2–4 weeks across the EU. Rush orders can be discussed case by case.
No. Standard M8–M16 bolted joints, spring washers, torque wrench. CUPAL thicknesses (0.5–2.0 mm) fit into most existing busbar stack-ups without redesign.

Applicable standards for this field

IEC 61439-1
IEC 61439-2
DIN 43671
VDE 0660-600
MSZ EN 61439-1

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