Cu + Al + steel · EN 62305 systems

Lightning Protection

Three metals meet in every earthing system. The Al/Cu interface is the weak spot — CUPAL strip and transition pieces remove it.

The problem you need to solve

A lightning protection system is inherently a three-metal system: copper ring earth underground, aluminium down-conductors on the façade, galvanised or stainless steel fasteners on the structure. The galvanic potential between Al and Cu is about 0.9 V — the chemistry that drives visible corrosion in any damp environment. Most designers focus on the geometry rules of EN 62305 (down-conductor spacing, conductor cross-section), but fewer focus on the fact that every component must also survive the EN 62561 impulse test — a 10/350 µs surge at the LPL peak current. A paste-and-bolt joint signals in a few years through visible façade corrosion that it is no longer in spec. And when lightning does strike, the highest current density lands exactly where the joint has already weakened.

How CUPAL solves it

CUPAL strip and transition pieces eliminate the Al/Cu galvanic couple at the joint. The aluminium side mates with the down-conductor, the copper side mates with the earthing mesh — one piece of material, two metals, joined by diffusion welding. No paste, no annual re-torque. The material is supplied in geometries that pass the EN 62561-2 component test (10/350 µs at the LPL peak current); the bond spreads the impulse energy across the full bonded surface rather than concentrating at the bolt hole. On the design side you size to EN 62305-1/-3 and VDE 0185-305-3; on the component side EN 62561-1/-2 gives you the guarantee that the joint actually carries the surge.

Lightning numbers that matter

200kA
LPL I peak, 10/350 µs waveform (EN 62305-1)
100kA
LPL III peak, 10/350 µs
~0.9V
Al–Cu galvanic potential difference
EN 62561-2
Component test standard (Type 1 impulse)

Where the Al/Cu joint lives

Four common transitions where a lightning-protection system ages first.

01 / 04

Rooftop Al down-conductor → Cu ring earth

The problem you need to solve. An aluminium down-conductor comes down the façade and terminates onto the copper ring earth at ground level. The bolted joint sits exposed to weather; corrosion leaves visible staining on the façade in 4–8 years and raises earth resistance.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL transition plate or strip between down-conductor and ring earth. Aluminium side to the down-conductor, copper side to the ring. EN 62561-2 component-tested geometry.

02 / 04

Telecom / power tower Al cabinet → Cu earthing mesh

The problem you need to solve. An aluminium equipment cabinet on a lattice tower bonds to the tower's copper earthing mesh. Thermal cycling plus regular LPL II (~150 kA) surges fatigue the bolted joint; impedance drifts over years.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL bonding piece between cabinet and earthing mesh. The diffusion interface absorbs thermal and mechanical stress internally; the bolted joint does not loosen further.

03 / 04

Rooftop PV array equipotential bonding

The problem you need to solve. Aluminium mounting frame, copper PE conductor (≥6 mm² per EN 62305-5 guidance), steel fasteners — all on the same roof. A DC fault can drive surge current through the bonding path.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL washer or strip in the frame-to-PE bolted joint. Bolt torque breaks through Al-oxide; the diffusion bond holds the interface inside; no new oxide can form.

04 / 04

Industrial chimney / tall mast down-conductors → earth

The problem you need to solve. Tall structures use multiple parallel aluminium down-conductors; an LPL II strike splits across them (~33 kA per conductor). Every Al/Cu bolted joint adds a voltage drop; across six joints, cascaded drops approach step-voltage limits.

How CUPAL solves it. A CUPAL transition plate on each down-conductor where it meets the earthing mesh. Low, stable transition resistance keeps the cascaded drop across the joints well inside tolerance during the strike.

Compared to alternatives

Three common approaches to a single Al/Cu lightning-protection joint.

ApproachPaste + Cu/Al bolted joint
Initial transition resistanceAcceptable, drifts quickly
EN 62305 inspectionAnnual visual + resistance test
Lead timeFrom stock
20-year TCO / jointHigh (inspection + rework)
ApproachStainless hardware (separates Al from Cu)
Initial transition resistanceMore stable, but still an Al/Cu interface
EN 62305 inspectionAnnual recommended
Lead timeFrom stock
20-year TCO / jointMedium
ApproachCUPAL bimetal transition (EN 62561-2 tested)
Initial transition resistanceStable
EN 62305 inspectionExtendable per EN 62305-3 Annex G
Lead time2–4 weeks (custom) / stock (strip)
20-year TCO / jointLow

FAQs from lightning-protection designers

EN 62305 defines system geometry and material selection. EN 62561 defines component-level behaviour — every clamp, transition and down-conductor fitting must survive a 10/350 µs impulse test at the relevant LPL peak. A correctly designed system can still fail if an individual joint is not component-tested; under a real strike it can melt or crack.
Geometry-specific — LPL I–IV (200/150/100/50 kA, 10/350 µs). The test level is stated on the order and documented on the component certificate supplied with the shipment.
Yes. The Al/Cu interface is closed by diffusion bonding; each external face behaves as its own metal (passive Al-oxide film, Cu patina). For salt-spray environments we can supply thicker anodising on the Al face and tin-plating on the Cu face — agreed per project.
Strip on a roll (typically 500 mm wide, 0.5–2.0 mm), transition washers with bolt holes, and custom-cut plates from a DXF drawing. Standard items ship in 1–3 working days; custom in 2–4 weeks.
EN 62305-3 defaults to annual visual and resistance checks. If every critical Al/Cu joint uses an EN 62561-2 component-tested part, Annex G allows longer intervals (up to 24 months) — subject to local authority agreement and the operator's own maintenance regime.

Applicable standards for this field

EN 62305-1
EN 62305-3
EN 62561-1
EN 62561-2
VDE 0185-305-3
MSZ EN 62305

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